Many believe that to access high-quality financial data, you need to pay thousands of dollars for a Bloomberg terminal or settle for limited platforms like Yahoo Finance. The truth is different: today, there are powerful, affordable, and even free real-time stock data APIs<\/strong> you can integrate into your Python scripts, interactive dashboards, or algorithmic trading\u00a0systems.<\/p>\n As W. Edwards Deming\u00a0said:<\/p>\n \u201cWithout data, you\u2019re just another person with an opinion.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n In this article, I present a practical comparison of the 7 best financial APIs<\/strong> on the market (with a focus on real-time stock data). I\u00a0include:<\/p>\n Pros and cons<\/strong> of each\u00a0APIPricing plans<\/strong> (free tiers and paid\u00a0options)Key features and data\u00a0coverage<\/strong>Recommendations by profile<\/strong> (analyst, trader, developer, or enterprise)Concrete use cases<\/strong> demonstrating each\u00a0APIComparison table<\/strong> (quick selection guide)Frequently asked questions<\/strong> to address common\u00a0doubts<\/p>\n Let\u2019s dive\u00a0in.<\/p>\n Best for:<\/strong> Fundamental analysis, backtesting, and financial reports Key features:<\/strong><\/p>\n Historical end-of-day (EOD) prices and intraday data (1m, 5m, 1h intervals)Fundamental data (financial ratios, balance sheets, income and cash flow statements)Corporate actions: dividends, stock splits, earnings, IPO\u00a0dataMacroeconomic indicators and earnings calendarsFinancial news API (with sentiment analysis)Broad coverage: stocks, ETFs, indices, forex, and cryptocurrencies<\/p>\n Highlights:<\/strong> EODHD<\/a> provides clear documentation with plenty of Python examples, and it combines both quantitative price data and fundamental data<\/strong> in one service. This makes it great for building dashboards or predictive models that require both historical prices and financial metrics. Its data consistency (handling of splits, ticker changes, etc.) is also highly regarded.<\/p>\n Pricing:<\/strong><\/p>\n Free:<\/strong> 20 API requests per day (limited to basic end-of-day data)\u200a\u2014\u200auseful for testing or small-scale scriptsPro:<\/strong> Plans from ~$17.99 per month (for individual market packages) up to ~$79.99 per month for an all-in-one global data package. The paid tiers offer generous limits (e.g. 100,000 API calls\/day) and full access to historical and real-time data.<\/p>\n Cons:<\/strong><\/p>\n The free plan\u2019s 20 calls\/day is very limited<\/strong>, suitable only for trial runs or simple prototypes. Serious projects will need a paid\u00a0plan.Some advanced features (like extensive options data or certain international markets) may require higher-tier subscriptions.<\/p>\n Use case:<\/strong> Extract Apple\u2019s dividend history over the past 5 years and calculate the dividend yield trend. (EODHD\u2019s API can provide historical dividend payouts which you can combine with price data for this calculation.)<\/p>\n Personal recommendation:<\/strong> If you need a single comprehensive API for global stocks (prices + fundamentals + news), EODHD is an excellent choice<\/strong>. \u2728 Get 10% off here to try it\u00a0out.<\/p>\n Best for:<\/strong> Algorithmic trading, fintech apps, interactive dashboards & charting Key features:<\/strong><\/p>\n Time series data for equities (daily, intraday down to 1-minute)Technical indicators<\/strong> built-in (e.g. RSI, MACD, Bollinger Bands)\u200a\u2014\u200ayou can query indicator values directly via the\u00a0API.Crypto and Forex data\u00a0supportSome sentiment and macroeconomic data (e.g. sector performance, economic indicators)<\/p>\n Highlights:<\/strong> Alpha Vantage is known for its ease of use and generous free tier for beginners<\/strong>. It\u2019s one of the most popular starting points for developers learning to work with financial data. Uniquely, Alpha Vantage is an official vendor of Nasdaq market data, which speaks to its data reliability. The API responses are JSON by default, and the documentation includes examples that integrate well with Python and\u00a0pandas.<\/p>\n Pricing:<\/strong><\/p>\n Free:<\/strong> Up to 5 API calls per minute (approximately 500 calls per day). This is sufficient for small applications or learning purposes, though heavy use will hit the limits quickly. (Note: Alpha Vantage\u2019s standard free limit is actually 25 calls per day as of late 2024, enforced alongside the 5\/minute\u00a0rate.)<\/em>Premium:<\/strong> Paid plans starting from $29.99\/month for higher throughput (e.g. 30+ calls\/minute) and no daily cap. Higher tiers (ranging up to ~$199\/month) allow dozens or hundreds of calls per minute for enterprise needs.<\/p>\n Cons:<\/strong><\/p>\n Strict rate limits<\/strong> on the free tier. Hitting 5 calls\/min means you often have to throttle your scripts or batch requests. For example, pulling intraday data for many symbols or calling many technical indicators will quickly require a paid\u00a0plan.Limited depth in some areas: fundamental data coverage is basic (company overviews, a few ratios) and not as extensive globally as some competitors.<\/p>\n Use case:<\/strong> Build an email alert system that triggers when a stock\u2019s 14-day RSI drops below 30 (an oversold signal). Alpha Vantage\u2019s technical indicators API<\/strong> can directly return the RSI for a given symbol, making this straightforward to implement without calculating RSI manually.<\/p>\n Best for:<\/strong> Enterprise projects, advanced fundamental data<\/strong>, and large-scale financial applications Key features:<\/strong><\/p>\n Extensive financial statement data:<\/strong> Intrinio provides detailed fundamentals\u200a\u2014\u200astandardized and as-reported financials (income statements, balance sheets, cash flows) for thousands of companies. It\u2019s very useful for deep fundamental analysis and modeling.Real-time and historical stock prices:<\/strong> Access to real-time equity quotes (for supported exchanges) and long historical price data (often decades back). Intrinio also offers options data, ETFs, Forex, and other asset classes through various packages.Data marketplace model:<\/strong> Intrinio has a variety of data feeds<\/em> and endpoints (e.g., US stock prices, global equities, options, ESG data, etc.). You subscribe only to the feeds you need, which can be cost-efficient for specific use\u00a0cases.Developer tools:<\/strong> Clean REST API with robust documentation, SDKs in multiple languages, and even a real-time data streaming option for certain feeds. They also provide a sandbox environment and live chat support to help during development.<\/p>\n Highlights:<\/strong> Intrinio is known for high data accuracy and quality<\/strong>. It\u2019s the go-to for many fintech startups and even institutions when building platforms that require reliable and up-to-date financial data. The breadth of APIs and endpoints is massive\u200a\u2014\u200afrom stock screeners to data on insider transactions. Intrinio\u2019s website and product pages are very informative, and they even include an AI chatbot to help you find the data you\u00a0need.<\/p>\n Pricing:<\/strong><\/p>\n Free trial:<\/strong> Intrinio offers a free trial period for new users to test out the API with limited access. This is great for evaluating their data before committing.Paid packages:<\/strong> Pricing is segmented by data type<\/strong>. For example, a US equities core package starts around $200\/month<\/strong> (Bronze tier) for end-of-day prices and fundamentals. Real-time stock price feeds and expanded data (Silver\/Gold tiers) cost more\u200a\u2014\u200ae.g., U.S. equities Gold (with real-time quotes and full history) is about $800\/month<\/strong>. Similarly, options data packages range from ~$150 up to $1600\/month for real-time options feeds. Intrinio\u2019s model is pay for what you need<\/strong>, which scales up to enterprise-level contracts for wide coverage.<\/p>\n Cons:<\/strong><\/p>\n Not ideal for small projects or beginners:<\/strong> Intrinio\u2019s offerings can be overkill for hobbyist use\u200a\u2014\u200athe range of data is immense and the pricing is relatively high. There is no unlimited free tier, so after the trial you must budget for at least a few hundred dollars per month to continue using their data at any\u00a0scale.Complex pricing structure:<\/strong> Because of the package system (separate feeds for stocks, options, etc.), it may be confusing to figure out exactly which plan(s) you need, and costs can add up if you require multiple data types. It\u2019s geared more toward startups, fintech companies, or professionals with a clear data strategy (as opposed to one-size-fits-all simple pricing).Website account required:<\/strong> You\u2019ll need to go through account setup and possibly consultation for certain datasets. It\u2019s not as plug-and-play as some other services for quick experiments.<\/p>\n Use case:<\/strong> An investor relations platform could use Intrinio to automate financial report analysis<\/strong>\u200a\u2014\u200apulling in several years of standardized financials for dozens of companies to compare ratios and performance. Intrinio\u2019s high-quality fundamentals and wide historical coverage make it ideal for such an application.<\/p>\n Best for:<\/strong> Real-time market data<\/strong> (especially U.S. stocks) and high-frequency trading apps Key features:<\/strong><\/p>\n Real-time price feeds:<\/strong> Polygon provides live tick-by-tick price data for U.S. stocks, options, forex, and crypto. It supports streaming via WebSockets, so you can get quotes and trades in real time with low\u00a0latency.Historical data down to ticks:<\/strong> You can access granular historical data, including full tick data and minute-by-minute bars for equities (often used for backtesting trading algorithms).WebSockets & Streaming:<\/strong> Excellent WebSocket API for streaming live quotes, trades, and aggregates. This is crucial for building live dashboards or trading bots that react to market movements instantly.Reference data & tools:<\/strong> Polygon also offers comprehensive reference data (company info, financials, splits\/dividends, etc.) and endpoints like news, analyst ratings, and more. However, its core strength is market price\u00a0data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Highlights:<\/strong> Polygon.io stands out for performance and depth in the U.S. markets<\/strong>. If you need real-time stock prices or even need to stream every trade for a given stock, Polygon can handle it. Their documentation is well-structured and they have a developer-friendly interface with interactive docs. They also offer community resources and example code which make integration easier. Polygon\u2019s pricing page clearly separates plans for different asset types, so you can pick what you\u00a0need.<\/p>\n Pricing<\/strong><\/p>\n Free:<\/strong> The free tier allows 5 API requests per minute<\/strong> and limited historical data (e.g., 2 years of daily data). Real-time streaming might be restricted or delayed on the free plan (often 15-minute delayed data for stocks). This tier is good for trying out the API or basic apps that don\u2019t require extensive data.Paid:<\/strong> Plans start at $29\/month<\/strong> for higher call limits and more data access. For instance, Polygon\u2019s \u201cStarter\u201d or \u201cDeveloper\u201d plans (around $29-$79\/month) provide live data with certain limitations (like delayed vs real-time) and a cap on how far back you can fetch history. More advanced plans can go up to a few hundred per month for full real-time tick data and larger rate limits. (Polygon has recently rebranded some offerings under \u201cMassive\u201d but the pricing remains in this range for individual developers.)<\/em><\/p>\n Cons:<\/strong><\/p>\n Primarily U.S.-focused:<\/strong> Polygon\u2019s strength is U.S. stocks and options. If you need comprehensive data for international markets, you\u2019ll need other APIs. Its coverage outside the U.S. (for equities) is limited, so it\u2019s not a one-stop solution for global portfolios.Costly for full real-time access:<\/strong> While entry plans are affordable, truly real-time<\/strong> professional data (especially if you need full tick data or entire market streaming) can become expensive. Higher-tier plans for real-time data (with no delay and high rate limits) can run into the hundreds per month, and certain data (like entire market breadth or entire options chains in real time) might require enterprise arrangements.Limited fundamentals\/news:<\/strong> Polygon has some fundamental data and news, but it does not offer the depth in these areas that more fundamentally-oriented APIs (like EODHD or FMP) do. It focuses on pricing\u00a0data.<\/p>\n Use case:<\/strong> Stream live quotes for AAPL<\/em> and MSFT<\/em> using Polygon\u2019s WebSocket API and display a live updating chart in a web app. With just a few lines of code, you can subscribe to the ticker feed and get real-time price updates that drive an interactive chart (great for a day-trading dashboard or a demo of live market\u00a0data).<\/p>\n Best for:<\/strong> Building trading bots<\/strong> and executing live trades (with data included) Key features:<\/strong><\/p>\n Commission-free stock trading API:<\/strong> Alpaca is actually a brokerage platform that provides APIs, so you can place real buy\/sell orders for U.S. stocks with zero commissions via their API. This sets it apart from pure data providers.Real-time and historical market data:<\/strong> Alpaca offers real-time price data (for stocks on the US exchanges) and historical data as part of its service. When you have a brokerage account, you get access to stock quotes and minute-level bars, etc., through the\u00a0API.Paper trading environment:<\/strong> For developers, Alpaca\u2019s paper trading is a big plus\u200a\u2014\u200ayou can simulate trading with virtual money. You get the same API for paper and live trading, which is ideal for testing your algorithmic strategies safely.Brokerage integration:<\/strong> You can manage orders, positions, and account info via API. This means you not only get data but can also automate an entire trading strategy (from data analysis to order execution) with Alpaca\u2019s platform.<\/p>\n Highlights:<\/strong> Alpaca is a favorite for DIY algorithmic traders and hackathon projects because it lowers the barrier to entry for trading automation. With a few API calls, you can retrieve market data and<\/strong> send orders. It\u2019s essentially an all-in-one trading service<\/strong>. The documentation is developer-centric, and there are official SDKs (Python, JS, etc.) as well as a vibrant community. Alpaca integrates with other tools (like TradingView, Zapier) and supports OAuth, making it easier to incorporate in different applications.<\/p>\n Pricing:<\/strong><\/p>\n Free tier:<\/strong> You can use Alpaca\u2019s core API for free. Creating an account (which requires U.S. residency or certain other country residencies for live trading) gives you access to real-time stock data and the ability to trade with no monthly fee. Alpaca makes money if you trade (through other means like payment for order flow), so the API and basic data are provided at no cost to developers.Premium data plans:<\/strong> Alpaca does have optional subscriptions for more advanced data feeds. For example, the free data might be SIP consolidated feed with a small delay or only IEX data; if you need full real-time consolidated market data or extended history, they offer Data API subscriptions<\/strong> (like $9\/month for more history, or higher for things like real-time news, etc.). These are add-ons; however, many users find the free data sufficient for starting\u00a0out.<\/p>\n Cons:<\/strong><\/p>\n Limited to U.S. stock market:<\/strong> Alpaca\u2019s trading and data are focused on U.S. equities. You won\u2019t get direct access to international stocks or other asset classes (except crypto, which Alpaca has added in a separate offering).Requires KYC for live trading:<\/strong> If you plan to execute real trades, you must open a brokerage account with Alpaca, which involves identity verification and is only available in certain countries. Paper trading (demo mode) is available globally, but live trading has restrictions.Data not as extensive as dedicated providers:<\/strong> While Alpaca\u2019s included data is decent, it may not be as comprehensive (in terms of history or variety of technical indicators) as some standalone data APIs. It\u2019s primarily meant to support trading rather than be a full analytics dataset.<\/p>\n Use case:<\/strong> Create a Python trading bot that implements a simple moving average crossover strategy (e.g., buy when the 50-day MA crosses above the 200-day MA, sell on the reverse crossover). The bot can use Alpaca\u2019s data API to fetch the latest prices for your stock, compute moving averages, and Alpaca\u2019s trading API to place orders when signals occur. You can even run this in paper trading first to fine-tune the strategy.<\/p>\n Best for:<\/strong> A mix of data types (real-time prices, fundamentals, news, crypto) in one service Key features:<\/strong><\/p>\n Real-time market data:<\/strong> Finnhub provides real-time quotes for stocks (free for US stocks via IEX), forex, and cryptocurrencies through its API. It\u2019s a solid choice if you need live pricing across multiple asset\u00a0classes.Financial news with sentiment:<\/strong> There\u2019s a news API that returns the latest news articles for companies or markets, including sentiment analysis scores. This is useful for gauging market sentiment or doing news-driven strategies.Corporate and economic calendar data:<\/strong> Endpoints for earnings calendars, IPO schedules, analyst earnings estimates, and economic indicators are available. This variety helps investors and analysts stay on top of upcoming\u00a0events.Fundamental data:<\/strong> Finnhub offers some fundamentals (e.g., company profiles, financial statements, key metrics), as well as alternative data like COVID-19 stats, and even ESG scores. However, some of these are limited in the free\u00a0tier.<\/p>\n Highlights:<\/strong> Finnhub is like a Swiss Army knife<\/strong>\u200a\u2014\u200ait covers a broad range of financial data in one API. Many startups use Finnhub to power their apps because it\u2019s relatively easy to use and the free tier is generous in terms of number of calls. Developers also appreciate that Finnhub\u2019s documentation is straightforward and they have examples for how to use each endpoint. It\u2019s particularly notable for its news and social sentiment features, which not all finance APIs\u00a0offer.<\/p>\n Pricing:<\/strong><\/p>\n Free:<\/strong> 60 API requests per minute are allowed on the free plan, which is quite high compared to most free plans. This includes real-time stock prices<\/strong> (US markets) and basic access to many endpoints. The free tier is for personal or non-commercial use and has some data limits (like certain endpoints or depth of history may be restricted).Pro:<\/strong> Paid plans start from $49\u201350 per month<\/strong> for individual markets or data bundles. Finnhub\u2019s pricing can be a bit modular; for example, real-time international stock feeds or more historical data might each be priced separately (often ~$50\/month per market). They also have higher plans (hundreds per month) for enterprise or for accessing all data with fewer limits. For many users, the $50\/month range unlocks a lot of additional data useful for scaling up an application.<\/p>\n Cons:<\/strong><\/p>\n Limited free fundamentals:<\/strong> The free plan, while generous with call volume, does not include all data<\/strong>. For instance, certain fundamental data endpoints (like full financial statements or international market data) require a paid plan. This can be frustrating if you expect all features to work out of the box with the free API key. Essentially, you might hit \u201cAccess denied\u201d for some endpoints until you\u00a0upgrade.Pricing can add up:<\/strong> If you need multiple data types (say US stocks real-time, plus international stocks, plus in-depth fundamentals, etc.), Finnhub\u2019s costs can increase quickly because each component may be an add-on. In comparison, some competitors\u2019 bundled plans might be more cost-effective for broad\u00a0needs.Website\/UI is basic:<\/strong> Finnhub\u2019s website isn\u2019t the slickest and occasionally the docs have minor inconsistencies. This isn\u2019t a huge issue, but it\u2019s not as polished as some others like Alpha Vantage or Twelve Data in terms of user interface.<\/p>\n Use case:<\/strong> Pull the latest news headlines and sentiment for Tesla (TSLA)<\/em> and display a \u201csentiment gauge\u201d. With Finnhub\u2019s news API, you can get recent news articles about Tesla along with a sentiment score (positive\/negative). A developer could feed this into a simple app or dashboard to visualize how news sentiment is trending for the\u00a0company.<\/p>\n Best for:<\/strong> Quick visualizations, simple dashboards, and spreadsheet integrations Key features:<\/strong><\/p>\n Historical & real-time data for stocks, forex, crypto:<\/strong> Twelve Data covers many global markets, offering time series data at various intervals (intraday to daily) for equities, FX, and cryptocurrencies.Built-in visualization tools:<\/strong> Uniquely, Twelve Data provides a web UI where you can quickly generate charts and indicators from their data without writing code. It\u2019s useful for non-developers or for quickly checking data visually.Easy integration with Python, Excel, etc.:<\/strong> They have a straightforward REST API and also provide connectors (like an Excel\/Google Sheets add-in and integration guides for Python, Node, and other languages). This makes it appealing to analysts who might want data in Excel as well as developers.Technical indicators and studies:<\/strong> Twelve Data\u2019s API can return technical indicators similar to Alpha Vantage. They also support complex queries like retrieving multiple symbols in one call, and even some fundamentals for certain\u00a0stocks.<\/p>\n Highlights:<\/strong> Twelve Data markets itself as very user-friendly. For someone who is building a simple web app or learning to analyze stock data, Twelve Data\u2019s combination of an intuitive API plus a pretty interface for quick tests is attractive. Another highlight is their freemium model with credits<\/strong>\u200a\u2014\u200athis can be flexible if your usage is light. They also have educational content and a responsive support team. Many users praise the quality of documentation, which includes example requests and responses for every endpoint (so you can see what data you\u2019ll\u00a0get).<\/p>\n Pricing:<\/strong><\/p>\n Free (Basic):<\/strong> 8 API requests per minute (up to ~800\/day). This free plan gives real-time data for US stocks, forex, and crypto, which is quite useful for small projects. However, certain features (like WebSocket streaming or extended history) are limited on the free\u00a0tier.Paid plans:<\/strong> Grow<\/strong> plan from $29\/month, Pro<\/strong> plan from $79\/month, and higher tiers up to Enterprise. The pricing is based on a credit system: each API call \u201ccosts\u201d a certain number of credits (e.g., 1 credit per quote, more credits for heavier endpoints). Higher plans give you more credits per minute and access to more markets. For example, the Pro plan (~$79) significantly raises rate limits (e.g. 50+ calls\/min) and adds a lot more historical data and international market coverage. Enterprise ($1,999\/mo) is for organizations needing very high limits and all data. The credit system<\/strong> is a bit complex to grasp at first, but effectively the more you pay, the more data and speed you\u00a0get.<\/p>\n Cons:<\/strong><\/p>\n Free plan limitations:<\/strong> The Basic plan is fine for testing, but serious usage will bump into its limits (both in call volume and data depth). Also, some endpoints require higher plans, and real-time WebSocket access is mostly for paid users. In short, Basic is more of a\u00a0trial.Credit-based pricing confusion:<\/strong> As noted, the concept of \u201cAPI credits\u201d and each endpoint having a weight can be confusing. For instance, an API call that fetches 100 data points might consume more credits than one that fetches 1 data point. New users may find it hard to estimate how many credits they need, compared to providers with simple call\u00a0counts.Fewer specialty datasets:<\/strong> Twelve Data covers the essentials well, but it doesn\u2019t have things like in-depth fundamentals or alternative data. Its focus is on price data and basic indicators. Large-scale applications needing extensive financial statement data or niche data (like options, sentiment) would need an additional source.<\/p>\n Use case:<\/strong> Build a lightweight crypto price dashboard<\/strong> that updates every 5 minutes. Using Twelve Data\u2019s API, you could fetch the latest price for a set of cryptocurrencies (e.g., BTC, ETH) at a 5-min interval and display them in a Streamlit or Dash app. Twelve Data\u2019s ease of integration means you could have this running quickly, and if you use their built-in visualization components, you might not need to code the charting yourself.<\/p>\n If you\u2019re an investor\/analyst<\/em> needing both fundamentals and price history:<\/strong> EODHD<\/strong><\/a> or FMP<\/strong> are excellent due to their rich fundamental datasets and broad market\u00a0coverageIf you\u2019re a trader<\/em> focused on real-time data and execution:<\/strong> Polygon.io<\/strong> (for raw real-time feeds) or Alpaca<\/strong> (for trading with built-in data) are tailored to your needs. Polygon for pure data speed; Alpaca if you also want to place trades via\u00a0API.If you\u2019re a developer or student<\/em> learning the ropes,<\/strong> Alpha Vantage<\/strong> or Yahoo Finance via yfinance<\/strong> are very beginner-friendly. They have free access, simple endpoints, and plenty of examples to get you started in Python or JavaScript.If you need global market coverage<\/em> in one service:<\/strong> EODHD<\/strong>, Finnhub<\/strong>, or FMP<\/strong> will give you international stocks, forex, crypto, and more under a single API\u200a\u2014\u200auseful for broad applications or multi-asset platforms.If you prefer no-code or Excel integration<\/em>:<\/strong> EODHD<\/strong>, FMP<\/strong>, and Twelve Data<\/strong> offer Excel\/Google Sheets add-ons and straightforward no-code solutions, so you can fetch market data into spreadsheets or BI tools without programming.<\/p>\n Best for:<\/strong> Advanced fundamental analysis<\/strong> and automated financial statement retrieval1. EODHD API (End-of-Day Historical Data)<\/h3>\n
Website:<\/strong> eodhd.com<\/a><\/p>\n2. Alpha\u00a0Vantage<\/h3>\n
Website:<\/strong> alphavantage.co<\/a><\/p>\n3. Intrinio<\/h3>\n
Website:<\/strong> intrinio.com<\/a><\/p>\n4. Polygon.io<\/h3>\n
Website:<\/strong>https:\/\/massive.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n5. Alpaca\u00a0Markets<\/h3>\n
Website:<\/strong> alpaca.markets<\/a><\/p>\n6. Finnhub<\/h3>\n
Website:<\/strong> finnhub.io<\/a><\/p>\n7. Twelve\u00a0Data<\/h3>\n
Website:<\/strong> twelvedata.com<\/a><\/p>\nQuick Selection Guide by User\u00a0Profile:<\/strong><\/h4>\n
Bonus: Financial Modeling Prep\u00a0(FMP)<\/h3>\n
Website:<\/strong> financialmodelingprep.com<\/a><\/p>\n